|
Jet fighters can be categorized in generations. The Royal Australian Air Force Air Power Development Centre Bulletin, while not endorsed by the RAAF, notes the term appeared in the 1990s ''to make sense of the leap-frogging improvements in performance to jet fighter aircraft brought about through major advances in aircraft design, avionics, and weapon systems'' and proposes that a ''generational shift in jet fighter aircraft occurs when a technological innovation cannot be incorporated into an existing aircraft through upgrades'' and retrofits. Lockheed Martin has been using the terminology ''fifth-generation'' for its F-22 and F-35 aircraft, to imply their competition is unable to offer similar levels of performance, a classification debated by Eurofighter, and by Boeing IDS for the bid to replace Canadian Forces jets. Aviation Week's Bill Sweetman noted that Lockheed Martin ''labeled the F-35 a “fifth-generation” fighter in 2005, a term it borrowed from Russia in 2004 to describe the F-22'', and proposes that the post–Cold War era, low-cost approach of the Saab Gripen should qualify it as a sixth generation jet. This marketing terminology made its way to the Prime Minister and Defence Minister statements when backing the Australian Defence Force choice.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= The F-35 JSF: what is a fifth-generation fighter aircraft? )〕 == Hallion classification == While not endorsed by the U.S. Air Force Air University, Richard P. Hallion proposed a classification in 1990 : # High subsonic (1943–50): ''little aerodynamic difference from the last generation of propeller-driven fighters. First- and second-generation turbojets; wood, fabric, and all-metal construction; optical gunsights; straight wing and straight tail. Mechanical control systems. Primitive ejection seats. Mach 0.75-0.85.'' Me 262, Gloster Meteor, P-80, DH Vampire, Yak-15, MiG-9, Saab 21R, F-84 Thunderjet, F9F Panther, Dassault Ouragan, DH Venom. # Transonic (1947–55): ''Second-generation turbojets; radar gunsights; swept wings; generally have adjustable horizontal stabilizers. Early hydromechanical flight control systems. Mach 0.90-1.05.'' F-86, F-84 Thunderstreak, F9F Cougar, MiG-15, MiG-17, Hawker Hunter, Dassault Mystère IV. # Early supersonic (1953–60): ''Swept wings, all-moving tails, radar gunsights, introduction of air-to-air missile armament. Third-generation turbojet engines. Early stability augmentation technology. Generally adaptable for both air-to-air and air-to-ground missions. Mach 1.3.'' MiG-19, F-100, F-8. # Supersonic (limited purpose) (1955–70): ''Supersonic aerodynamics, especially area ruling; fourth-generation turbojets; radar for search and fire control. Overreliance on -air-to-air missiles based on unrealistic expectations. Mach 2.0.'' F-104, early model MiG-21, English Electric Lightning, early model Mirage III. # Supersonic (multirole) (1958–80): ''Refined supersonic aerodynamic design, including canards and variable geometry wings; fourth- and fifth-generation engines; stability augmentation; mixed-gun air-to-air missile (AAM) armament; terrain-following radar for low-level high-speed flight; radar search and fire control; infrared sensors; heads up displays (HUD); laser ranging and targeting; wide range of air-to-surface missiles, bombs, and rockets, including precision-guided munitions. Mach 1.4-2.5.'' F-105, F-4, late-model MiG-21, late-model Mirage III, F-5, F-111, Mirage V, Su-24, MiG-23, MiG-27, Sepecat Jaguar, Mirage F1, Kfir. # Supersonic multirole, high efficiency (1974–present): ''Combined the characteristics of the fifth-generation fighters with advances in propulsion, radar (multiple target track-while-scan, look-down/shoot-down), sensor, and electronic flight control technology to generate highly maneuverable, highly agile aircraft that can be swing-roled for air-to-air and air-to-ground missions. Fifth- or sixth-generation gas-turbine engines; engine thrust-to-weight ratios in excess of one; ability to attain supersonic speeds without afterburning; sustained high-G flight, and controllability below 70 knots at angles of attack exceeding 70 degrees. High degree of energy efficiency. Mix of cannonand missile armament, coupled with diverse air-to-ground weaponry. Mach 1.8-2.5.'' F-14, F-15, F-16, F-18, Mirage 2000, Panavia Tornado, MiG-29, Su-27. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「jet fighter generations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|